The problems of Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq
Turks was not mentioned in the report of Ahmad SHAHEED
By: Araz ATA
In the recent days, the news of Ahmad SHAHEED’s report to
United Nations concerning human rights in Iran was the source of debates. The
report included six parts as follows. In each part Ahmad SHAHEED (the former
foreign minister of Maldives) has wrote his ideas and conclusions.
-
The
behavior of Iranian regime against the civil and cultural activists (political
activists, journalists, student activists, artists, lawyer and environmentalists,)
-
Social
freedoms
-
Women
rights
-
Ethnic
and religious minorities
-
Death
penalties
-
Prisoners
who are imprisoned because of their relations with foreign organizations
As it could be observed, Mr. SHAHEED has mentioned the ethnic
and religious minorities’ problems in addition to more than 60 imprisoned
persons in the opposition against the intentional drying of the Urmia Lake,
which I thank him.
There is a part in the report concerning the problems of
Bahaeis and other religious minorities. Moreover, there are proper points
regarding those who have changed their religion to Christianity, Nematollahi sophists’
imprisonment and Sunni minorities. In the mentioned report, anti-government
religious leaders’ condition is discussed and all these issues are those, which
could be seen, regularly in Iranian regime. However, nothing is mentioned
regarding the problems of the Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq minorities.
Really, Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq people do not have any problem.
Of course not; there are two cases, Mr. SHAHEED is not aware of their problems
or no necessity was felt regarding their problems.
Any Iranian society has special problems, which is rooted in
the general condition of that society. In the present paper, generally, the
problems of Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs are discussed considering their
residence condition.
Today, there is no exact statistics of religious minorities
in Iran. Present regime follows the same separatist policies of fascist Pahlavi
regime and the applied policies of one-nation, one-language, one-religion and their
ideology attempts to assimilate everybody in order to create one homogenate
nation. The aim is to remove all social differences, religion, culture and
ethnicity. The Persianist and Shiite regime never declares the true statistics
of the ethnic groups other than Persians, such as Turks, Balouchs and Arabs as
a national concept. There is no information in national ID cards, birth
certificates regarding the religion and ethnicity of the holders. Regime
attempts to conceal the identity of population under the hegemony of Persians
and Shiites. Only Christians, Judaists and Zoroastrians are legally considered
in the statistics and have their special schools, religious books and
representatives in the parliaments. Whereas these minorities use their primary
rights, Turks in Iran even are not allowed to have education in their own
language. Considering the statistics, Turks are majority in Iran and attempt to
gain their universal human rights through cultural struggles. Considering
United Nations as the first authority on this issue, Iranian Turks seek for
help from all human right organizations. 1
In fact, Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq Turks used to live in a closed
and restricted social environment during the Pahalvi era in 1970s from the
standpoint of politic and socio-economic condition. However, after Islamic
Revolution and along with immigrations, they were obliged to conceal their
beliefs because of their economic, cultural and social life condition and their
special shaved mustache. As the conclusion of these concealing and wrong
policies of the government and the humiliation of Turks by other party,
especially the young ones changed even their physical appearance. They are
deprived of serving in state organizations and education in universities. Of course,
this depriving resulted in both economic and political damages. In spite the
fact that they have the biggest population among the minorities, however they
could not force themselves in the decision making mechanisms. This marginality
has represented itself more than before. In the last century, it was attempted
to represent them as extremist Shiites or having extremist methods.
According to Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq beliefs, all humanity
is equal and shares the same natural rights. Human owns logic and conscience
and must behave the others, as he likes others to behave him. Jack Denny
writes, “in theory and practice universal human rights is not only for living
but for having an honorable life”2. According to Iranian civil code,
everybody is the same before the laws!! (Article 19) However, this article
always remained on the shelf and the problems of Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs
like other non-formal societies never was declared to human right organizations
and they have never had any representative before authorities.
Unfortunately, the condition of Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs is
worse than any other religious minorities. Today, Bahaeis have social groups in
18 countries and any human right abuse instantly is reported before United
Nations, Human Right Commission, and Europe Human Right and other
organizations. In a case that Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs do not have any
organization or even an institute to report and publish their problems in Iran
and the world. Since the authority is transferred from father to son among
Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs, they oppose any type of organizing and because of
their cooperation with government in some cases or their opposition to
dictatorship and concealing their beliefs and religious ideas prevent them from
organizing. Moreover, there are many reasons that cause Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e
Haqqs not to be recognized by U.N and Europe Human Rights Organization such as following;
Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs both face religious and national (lingual)
pressures, they are assimilated to Shiites and Persians, they are not recognized
as minorities like Zoroastrians and they are not allowed to have their
institutes and groups. Consequently, during 1970s, since Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e
Haqqs lived in rural areas and were illiterate (they did not know Persian!) and
because religion turned to a toy of politics and politicians in Iran, therefore
many Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq youth formed an anti-religion belief and formation
of institutes in this regard was opposed.
These are not the last attack of Iran’s Islamist regime to
Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs. Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs could not get admission
to higher education institutes and state organizations because of their beliefs3.
The propaganda of Mollas (Islamist religious leaders) against Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqqs, and continuous attack of Iranian police and intelligent forces to
Jem Evleri4 (a place for social activities and worshiping God),
humiliating5 Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs in army and schools even in their
own lands, firing from state organizations or preventing them from
rising, all are against the equality of human being. Which religious book
orders for massacre? As Iranian government did in Qosha Chay when armed forces
of Iran attacked Uch Tepeh village and totally destroyed the village with heavy
weapons and killed all the residents and buried the corpuses in mass graves.
Here I attempt to mention the heroic activities of Mehdi Ghasimzadeh who is one
of the activists in Qosha Chay massacre and was killed in Urmia prison only
because of being Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq:
“Four years ago we wrote to different organizations and
country’s religious leaders as the representative of Qosha Chay’s Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqqs because of extreme cruelty and pressure and we requested for
recognition of our rights as Alavies (Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq) and also
applied for improving the condition for us. However, police forces having the order of
higher authorities, attacked our country with heavy weapons and killed 6
people, many of us even our old father was arrested and tortured both physically
and mentally for months, all our properties was ruined. Some of our friends
were released from prison after months but we are here in prison …”6
The measures taken by Iranian government towards Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqq is not restricted to the above-mentioned lines. The Iranian regime
and its organizations not only misbehave the national and religious minorities
and majorities in addition to religious leaders, other religious minorities and
Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs are humiliated and persecuted. Ayatollah Khamnei the
religious leader of Iran declares his ideas about Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq as
follows:
“If they believe Imam Ali as the God, they are like pagans
and non-Muslims and dirty7.”
Ayatollah M.T. Behjat says, “Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs are good
or bad? Of course only one response: bad8.” He believes
Christians, Judaists, Armenians and Zoroastrians all are pagan from the
standpoint of Islam. Ayatollah Gholpaieghani9 and Lankarani10Fazel
share the same ideas.
The problems of Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqq could not be
discussed in this short piece. We did not write anything of state newspapers
and the Imam of Urmia city, Hasani. Nothing could be changed by isolating Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqq and assimilating them as Shiites. The freedom of language, religion,
beliefs and worshiping is primary right for human. Without the freedom of beliefs,
existence of democracy is impossible. Only a little will is necessary to solve
the problems of Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs. First Islamic Republic of Iran must
recognize us as a religious group, our language must be educated in schools, and
we must be free to worship in Jem Evleri, obligatory religious courses must be canceled
and the guilty persons in tragedy of Qosha Chay must be delivered to courts.
At the end of present paper, only we request Mr. Ahmad SHAHEED
and all free humans who have devoted themselves to human rights; please open a
chapter in your reports regarding the pressures on Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs
in Iran.
The end
1. The secretary of GAMAJ, Mr. Mashallah Razmi, had a lecture
in U.N human rights commission in 15 Mars 2011.
2. Dannely, Jack, Human right in practice, translated by Erdoğan,
Mustafa / Kurkut Levent, Ankara, 1994
3. In order to prove all these
human right abuses Mohammad
Hossein Mousavi the prime minister of the era, wrote a circular to Khomeini the
leader of Iran to be signed, concerning the abuses and a copy of that circular
was sent to state organizations and governors. The abuses and misuses of Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqqs rights was recognized in the letter, especially their deprivation
of education harshly was criticized. In order to see the circular and study the
issues you coudlrefer to www.mardomsalari.com/template1/News.aspx?NID=54015
4. Iranian police force attacked
a Jem Evi in Angouran region of Zanjan province and closed all of themand
thretend people that in the case of more measures by people, they would destry
the houses, you could refer to following link; www.savalansesi.com/2008/11/blog-spot
3707.html and http://balatarin.com/permlink/2008/11/16/1450952
5.Such stories could be found in
Ilkhichi town near Tabriz the capital of East Azerbaijan. Basij militias
arrested and kidnapped some of the elders and authorities of Turk-Qizilbash
Ahl-e Haqqs and tortured them. Thretened them not to go to Jem Evleri. http://qirxlar.blogspot.com/2006/07/blogspot
18.html
6. For more information you could
refer to www.qurtulush.info/tur/Eleviler/aleviler1.pdf. Moreover
it is possible to download the “Turk-Qizilbash Ahl-e Haqqs’ Tragedy in Qosh
Chay” book from following link; www.2shared.com/documetn/FbI_ueɓ/5_qizilbas-_B5.html
8.
http://bahjat.org/fa/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1096&Itemid=61
9. Gholpeieghani, Mohammadreza, Majmaolmasael, Ghom,
Darolqoran, bita, V1, p44, (Andishe-e-Ghom)
10. Lankarani, Fazel, Jameolmesael, V1, p 40, Q 88
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